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Herbs & Supplements

Ruda
Scientific Name: Rue
Other Names: Common Rue, Garden Rue, Herb of Grace, Herbygrass, Ruta graveolens, Weinkraut

References

Ageel AM, Mossa JS, al-Yahya MA, al-Said MS, Tariq M. Experimental studies on antirheumatic crude drugs used in Saudi traditional medicine. Drugs in Experimental Clinical Research. 1989;15(8):369-372.

Al-Okbi SY, El-Sayed EM, Ammar NM, El-Sayed NK, Abou-El Kassem LT. Effect of Ruta graveolens L. and Euphorbia peplus L. anti-inflammatory extracts on nutritional status of rats and the safety of their use. Indian Journal of Experimental Biology. 2002;40(1):45-48.

Alzoreky NS, Nakahara K. Antibacterial activity of extracts from some edible plants commonly consumed in Asia. International Journal of Food Microbiology. 2003;80(3):223-230.

Anon: Rue. In: DerMarderosian A, Beutler JA, eds. Facts and Comparisons: The Review of Natural Products. St. Louis, MO, Facts and Comparisons. July 1997.

Bohuslavizki KH, Hansel W, Kneip A, Koppenhofer E, Reimers A. Chiu KW, Fung AY. Potassium channel blockers from Ruta--a new approach for the treatment of multiple sclerosis. General Physiology and Biophysiology. 1992;11(5):507-512.

Chiu KW, Fung AY. The cardiovascular effects of green beans (Phaseolus aureus), common rue (Ruta graveolens), and kelp (Laminaria japonica) in rats. General Pharmacology. 1997;29(5):859-862.

Ciganda C, Laborde A. Herbal infusions used for induced abortion. Journal of Toxicology and Clinical Toxicology. 2003;41(3):235-239.

Conway GA, Slocumb JC. Plants used as abortifacients and emmenagogues by Spanish New Mexicans. Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 1979;1(3):241-261.

Eickhorst K, DeLeo V, Csaposs J. Rue the herb: Ruta graveolens--associated phytophototoxicity. Dermatitis. 2007;18(1):52-55.

el Agraa SE, el Badwi SM, Adam SE. Preliminary observations on experimental Ruta graveolens toxicosis in Nubian goats. Tropical Animal Health. 2002;34(4):271-281.

Felter HW, Lloyd JU. King's American Dispensatory. Eighteenth Edition. Third Revision. Cincinnati, Ohio. Ohio Valley Co. 1898. Available at: http://www.ibiblio.org/herbmed/eclectic/kings/intro .html. Accessed: July 15, 2003.

Furniss D, Adams T. Herb of Grace: An Unusual Cause of Phytophotodermatitis Mimicking Burn Injury. Journal of Burn Care Research. 2007;28(5):767-769.

Gandhi M, Lal R, Sankaranarayanan A, Sharma PL. Post-coital antifertility action of Ruta graveolens in female rats and hamsters. Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 1991;34(1):49-59.

Gravot A, Larbat R, Hehn A, et al. Cinnamic acid 4-hydroxylase mechanism-based inactivation by psoralen derivatives: cloning and characterization of a C4H from a psoralen producing plant-Ruta graveolens-exhibiting low sensitivity to psoralen inactivation. Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics. 2004;422(1):71-80.

Grieve M. Rue. In: A Modern Herbal. New York: Dover Publishers, 1971. Available at: http://www.botanical.com/botanical/mgmh/mgmh.html Posted 1995. Accessed June 19, 2003.

Gutierrez-Pajares JL, Zuniga L, Pino J. Ruta graveolens aqueous extract retards mouse preimplantation embryo development. Reproductive Toxicology. 2003;17(6):667-672.

Hadis M, Lulu M, Mekonnen Y, Asfaw T. Field trials on the repellent activity of four plant products against mainly Mansonia population in western Ethiopia. Phytotherapy Research. 2003;17(3):202-205.

Hale AL, Meepagala KM, Oliva A, Aliotta G, Duke SO. Phytotoxins from the leaves of Ruta graveolens. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 2004;52(11):3345-3349.

Heck AM, DeWitt BA, Lukes AL. Potential interactions between alternative therapies and warfarin. American Journal of Health System Pharmacy. 2000;57(13):1221-1230.

Heskel NS, Amon RB, Storrs FJ, White CR Jr. Phytophotodermatitis due to Ruta graveolens. Contact Dermatitis. 1983;9(4):278-280.

Hoffmann DL. Rue. Herbal Materia Medica. No date given. Available at: http://www.healthy.net/asp/templates/article.asp?PageType=article&ID=2044. Accessed June 19, 2003.

Ivanova A, Mikhova B, Najdenski H, Tsvetkova I, Kostova I. Antimicrobial and cytotoxic activity of Ruta graveolens. Fitoterapia. 2005;76(3-4):344-347.

Jellin JM, Gregory P, Batz F, Hitchens K, et al, eds. Pharmacist's Letter/Prescriber's Letter. Natural Medicines Comprehensive Database, 3rd Edition. Stockton CA: Therapeutic Research Facility, 2000.

Khouri NA, El-Akawi Z. Antiandrogenic activity of Ruta graveolens L in male Albino rats with emphasis on sexual and aggressive behavior. Neurology and Endocrinology Letters. 2005;26(6):823-829.

Kong YC, Lau CP, Wat KH, Ng KH, But PP, Cheng KF, Waterman PG. Antifertility principle of Ruta graveolens. Planta Medica. 1989;55(2):176-178.

Lans C. Ethnomedicines used in Trinidad and Tobago for reproductive problems. Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine. 2007;3:13.

Meepagala KM, Schrader KK, Wedge DE, Duke SO. Algicidal and antifungal compounds from the roots of Ruta graveolens and synthesis of their analogs. Phytochemistry. 2005;66(22):2689-2695.

Ojala T, Remes S, Haansuu P, et al. Antimicrobial activity of some coumarin containing herbal plants growing in Finland. Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 2000;73(1-2):299-305.

Oliva A, Meepagala KM, Wedge DE, Harries D, Hale AL, Aliotta G, Duke SO. Natural fungicides from Ruta graveolens L. leaves, including a new quinolone alkaloid. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 2003;51(4):890-896.

Ortiz-Frutos FJ, Sanchez B, Garcia B, Iglesias L, Sanchez-Mata D. Photocontact dermatitis from rue (Ruta montana L.). Contact Dermatitis. 1995;33(4):284.

Pathak S, Multani AS, Banerji P, Banerji P. Ruta 6 selectively induces cell death in brain cancer cells but proliferation in normal peripheral blood lymphocytes: A novel treatment for human brain cancer. International Journal of Oncology. 2003;23(4):975-982.

Plants for a Future Database. Ruta graveolens. Last modified: Oct 20, 2002. Available at: http://www.ibiblio.org/pfaf/cgi-bin/arr_html?Ruta+graveolens&CAN=COMIND. Accessed June 19, 2003.

Preethi KC, Kuttan G, Kuttan R. Anti-tumour activity of Ruta graveolens extract. Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention. 2006;7(3):439-443.

Pronczuk J. Ruta graveolens L. October 1989. International Programme [sic] on Chemical Safety. Available at: http://www.inchem.org/documents/pims/ plant/rutagrav.htm. Accessed July 15, 2003.

Raghav SK, Gupta B, Agrawal C, Goswami K, Das HR. Anti-inflammatory effect of Ruta graveolens L. in murine macrophage cells. Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 2006;104(1-2):234-239.

Rethy B, Zupko I, Minorics R, Hohmann J, Ocsovszki I, Falkay G. Investigation of cytotoxic activity on human cancer cell lines of arborinine and furanoacridones isolated from Ruta graveolens. Planta Medica. 2007;73(1):41-48.

Saieed P, Reza RM, Abbas D, Seyyedvali R, Aliasghar H. Inhibitory effects of Ruta graveolens L. extract on guinea pig liver aldehyde oxidase. Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin (Tokyo). 2006;54(1):9-13.

Schempp CM, Schopf E, Simon JC. Bullous phototoxic contact dermatitis caused by Ruta graveolens L. (garden rue), Rutaceae. Case report and review of literature [article in German] Hautarzt. Zeitschrift Fuer Dermatologie, Venerologie und Verwandte Gebiete. 1999;50(6):432-434.

Seak CJ, Lin CC. Ruta Graveolens intoxication. Clinical Toxicology (Philadelphia). 2007;45(2):173-175.

Shah AH, Qureshi S, Ageel AM. Toxicity studies in mice of ethanol extracts of Foeniculum vulgare fruit and Ruta chalepensis aerial parts. Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 1991;34(2-3):167-172.

Wessner D, Hofmann H, Ring J. Phytophotodermatitis due to Ruta graveolens applied as protection against evil spells. Contact Dermatitis. 1999;41(4):232.

Wolters B, Eilert U. Antimicrobial substances in callus cultures of Ruta graveolens. Planta Medica. 1981 Oct;43(2):166-174.

Last Revised October 19, 2007

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Note: The above information is not intended to replace the advice of your physician, pharmacist, or other healthcare professional. It is not meant to indicate that the use of the product is safe, appropriate, or effective for you.

In general, herbal products are not subject to review or approval by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). They are not required to be standardized, meaning that the amounts of active ingredients or contaminants they contain may vary between brands or between different batches of the same brand. Not all of the risks, side effects, or interactions associated with the use of herbal products are known because few reliable studies of their use in humans have been done.

This information is provided for your education only. Please share this information with your healthcare provider and be sure that you talk to your doctor and pharmacist about all the prescription and non-prescription medicines you take before you begin to use any herbal product.

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